Shape

From APL Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Shape () is a monadic function which returns the shape of its argument array, namely a vector of lengths of the array along each axis. The dyadic function using the same symbol is Reshape which produces an array of the shape specified by its left argument.

An array's shape may be any vector of nonnegative integers with length less than or equal to the maximum rank. The length of an array's shape is the array's rank, and the product of the shape is its bound. If the shape is empty then the array is a scalar.

An array's shape, along with the index origin, determine the possible values which can be used as an index into the array. A complete index is a vector of integers with the same length as the shape. When the index origin is subtracted from the index each element must be at least 0 and less than the corresponding element of the shape. In languages with negative indexing it may be greater than or equal to the negative of the shape rather than 0.

Examples

      (⍬≡⍴)¨1 'A'                 ⍝ The shape of a scalar is the empty numeric vector ⍬
1 1
      ⍴'ABCDE'                    ⍝ The shape of a vector is a length-1 vector
5
      ⍴'ABC'∘.,1 2 3 4            ⍝ The shape of the matrix result of an outer product
3 4
      ⍴'ABC'∘.,1 2 3 4∘.×0J1 1J2  ⍝ Two consecutive outer products result in a cuboid
3 4 2

See also

External links

Lessons

Documentation


APL features [edit]
Built-ins Primitives (functions, operators) ∙ Quad name
Array model ShapeRankDepthBoundIndex (Indexing) ∙ AxisRavelRavel orderElementScalarVectorMatrixSimple scalarSimple arrayNested arrayCellMajor cellSubarrayEmpty arrayPrototype
Data types Number (Boolean, Complex number) ∙ Character (String) ∙ BoxNamespaceFunction array
Concepts and paradigms Conformability (Scalar extension, Leading axis agreement) ∙ Scalar function (Pervasion) ∙ Identity elementComplex floorArray ordering (Total) ∙ Tacit programming (Function composition, Close composition) ∙ GlyphLeading axis theoryMajor cell search
Errors LIMIT ERRORRANK ERRORSYNTAX ERRORDOMAIN ERRORLENGTH ERRORINDEX ERRORVALUE ERROREVOLUTION ERROR
APL built-ins [edit]
Primitives (Timeline) Functions
Scalar
Monadic ConjugateNegateSignumReciprocalMagnitudeExponentialNatural LogarithmFloorCeilingFactorialNotPi TimesRollTypeImaginarySquare Root
Dyadic AddSubtractTimesDivideResiduePowerLogarithmMinimumMaximumBinomialComparison functionsBoolean functions (And, Or, Nand, Nor) ∙ GCDLCMCircularComplexRoot
Non-Scalar
Structural ShapeReshapeTallyDepthRavelEnlistTableCatenateReverseRotateTransposeRazeMixSplitEncloseNestCut (K)PairLinkPartitioned EnclosePartition
Selection FirstPickTakeDropUniqueIdentityStopSelectReplicateExpandSet functions (IntersectionUnionWithout) ∙ Bracket indexingIndexCartesian ProductSort
Selector Index generatorGradeIndex OfInterval IndexIndicesDealPrefix and suffix vectors
Computational MatchNot MatchMembershipFindNub SieveEncodeDecodeMatrix InverseMatrix DivideFormatExecuteMaterialiseRange
Operators Monadic EachCommuteConstantReplicateExpandReduceWindowed ReduceScanOuter ProductKeyI-BeamSpawnFunction axis
Dyadic BindCompositions (Compose, Reverse Compose, Beside, Withe, Atop, Over) ∙ Inner ProductDeterminantPowerAtUnderRankDepthVariantStencilCutDirect definition (operator)
Quad names Index originComparison toleranceMigration levelAtomic vector