Timeline of array languages
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APL dialects
This is a list of programming languages that are broadly compatible with APL\360 by date of release (that is, when they became available to a significant portion of the public).
| Year | Dialects |
|---|---|
| 1966 | APL\360 internal IBM release |
| 1968 | APL\1130, APL\360 |
| 1970 | APL*PLUS, APL\5500 |
| 1971 | APL/700 (approximate date) |
| 1973 | APL.SV |
| 1974 | APL 5100, MCM/70 |
| 1976 | VS APL, SHARP APL, APL\3000, APL\11 |
| 1981 | NARS |
| 1983 | Dyalog APL, APL.68000 (approximate date) |
| 1984 | APL2 |
| 1985 | A |
| 1988 | A+ |
| 1989 | I-APL |
| 1993 | SAX |
| 1995 | APL+Win |
| 1998 | OpenAPL |
| 2002 | APLX |
| 2004 | Rowan |
| 2006 | NARS2000 |
| 2009 | VisualAPL |
| 2010 | APL# |
| 2011 | ngn/apl |
| 2013 | GNU APL |
| 2014 | Co-dfns |
| 2018 | April, dzaima/APL, APL\iv, Extended Dyalog APL |
| 2020 | KAP |
Influential array languages
The following array family programming languages, and papers describing languages, have had a major influence on commonly-used APLs.
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1962 | A Programming Language describes Ken Iverson's notation |
| 1966 | APL\360 completed and used within IBM |
| 1968 | APL\1130 released as an IBM Type-III Library |
| 1970 | APL*PLUS is offered by IPSA and STSC as part of a time-sharing service |
| 1971 | "A Generalization of APL", Jim Brown's Ph.D. thesis, describes a nested APL which later becomes the basis of APL2 |
| 1973 | APL.SV introduces shared variables |
| 1976 | VS APL is IBM's first APL to interact with the host system |
| 1976 (approximate) | SHARP APL splits from APL*PLUS |
| 1981 | NARS is the first nested APL |
| 1981 | SHARP APL adds boxes to the flat array model |
| 1983 | Rationalized APL, a paper on Iverson's latest thinking on APL, includes the Rank operator added to SHARP APL later that year |
| 1983 | Dyalog APL, based on NARS and the to-be-released APL2, is released |
| 1984 | APL2 is IBM's take on nested array programming |
| 1985 | A is Arthur Whitney's APL, the first to be based on leading axis theory |
| 1987 | A Dictionary of APL describes a precursor to J |
| 1988 | A+ adds a GUI to A and replaces it |
| 1990 | J is Ken Iverson's new array language, with ASCII characters and based on leading axis theory |
| 1992 | K ("K0"), Arthur Whitney's list-based language, first becomes available |
| 1997 | Dyalog APL adds dfns |
| 2006 | NARS2000, a successor to NARS, is released |
| 2009 | VisualAPL is the first .NET-based APL, but soon stops development |
| 2010 | APL#, a .NET-based language, is released by Dyalog Ltd., to be abandoned in 2012 |
| 2013 | GNU APL is the first fully scriptable APL |
Other array languages
| Year | Languages |
|---|---|
| 1989 | J |
| 1993 | K |
| 2014 | Ivy |
| 2018 | RAD |
| 2020 | BQN |
| APL dialects [edit] | |
|---|---|
| Maintained | APL+Win ∙ APL2 ∙ APL64 ∙ APL\iv ∙ Aplette ∙ April ∙ Co-dfns ∙ Dyalog APL ∙ Dyalog APL Vision ∙ dzaima/APL ∙ GNU APL ∙ Kap ∙ NARS2000 ∙ Pometo ∙ TinyAPL |
| Historical | A Programming Language ∙ A+ (A) ∙ APL# ∙ APL2C ∙ APL\360 ∙ APL/700 ∙ APL\1130 ∙ APL\3000 ∙ APL.68000 ∙ APL*PLUS ∙ APL.jl ∙ APL.SV ∙ APLX ∙ Extended Dyalog APL ∙ Iverson notation ∙ IVSYS/7090 ∙ NARS ∙ ngn/apl ∙ openAPL ∙ Operators and Functions ∙ PAT ∙ Rowan ∙ SAX ∙ SHARP APL ∙ Rationalized APL ∙ VisualAPL (APLNext) ∙ VS APL ∙ York APL |
| Derivatives | AHPL ∙ BQN ∙ CoSy ∙ ELI ∙ Glee ∙ I ∙ Ivy ∙ J ∙ Jelly ∙ K (Goal, Klong, Q) ∙ KamilaLisp ∙ Lang5 ∙ Lil ∙ Nial ∙ RAD ∙ Uiua |
| Overviews | Comparison of APL dialects ∙ Timeline of array languages ∙ Timeline of influential array languages ∙ Family tree of array languages |