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GNU APL is a free and (almost) complete implementation of Extended APL as specified in [[ISO/IEC 13751:2001]] and is thus similar to [[APL2]]. It runs on GNU/Linux and on Windows using Cygwin, and uses Unicode internally. GNU APL was written and is being maintained by [[Jürgen Sauermann|GNU APL community]].
{{Infobox array language
| array model              = [[nested array model|nested]]
| index origin            = 0 or 1
| function styles          = [[tradfn]], [[dfn]] (limited)
| numeric types            = [[complex]] float, 64-bit integer
| unicode support          = full
| released                = 2013
| developer                = Jürgen Sauermann, [[GNU APL community]]
| latest release version  = 1.8 / 2019
| implementation language  = [[wikipedia:C++|C++]]
| source                  = [http://svn.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/apl/trunk/ GNU Savannah]
| platforms                = x86, x86_64
| operating systems        = Linux, Windows (via Cygwin)
| license                  = [[wikipedia:GNU_General_Public_License|GNU GPL]]
| website                  = [https://www.gnu.org/software/apl/ gnu.org/software/apl]
| download                = [https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/apl/ .deb, .rpm]
| file ext                = .apl
| documentation            = [https://www.gnu.org/software/apl/apl.html info manual]
| influenced by           = [[APL2]], [[Dyalog APL]]
}}
{| class=wikitable style="float:right;max-width:33%"
|{{quote | "Both 32-and 64-bit GNU APL are available for Windows, truly proving G_d is great! الله أكبر"|Alan G. Konheim. [https://sites.cs.ucsb.edu/~konheim/Feistel%20Talk%20-2Final.pdf ''Creativity in Computer Science – Horst Feistel'']. Footnote 14. Page F-9.}}
|}


GNU APL interpreter includes:
'''GNU APL''' is a free and (almost) complete implementation of Extended APL as specified in [[ISO/IEC 13751:2001]] and is thus similar to [[APL2]]. It was initially written and is being maintained by Jürgen Sauermann. It includes extensions such as [[complex number]]s and a shared variable interface.


* nested arrays and related functions
In addition to a normal local APL [[session]], GNU APL can used in a "scripting" language fashion by processing linear scripts passed to the interpreter at startup. It can also be compiled into a shared loadable library for embedding the interpreter into other projects.
* complex numbers, and
* a shared variable interface


In addition, GNU APL can be scripted.
Documents on GNU APL sometimes quote [[Richard Stallman]], who both founded GNU and programmed in APL. However, Stallman is not directly associated with the project.


Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU Project, had been an early adopter of APL, using it to write a text editor as a high school student in the summer of 1969.
== Encoding ==


As of recently, there is an (experimental) online version of GNU APL.
GNU APL tends to prefer the [[Unicode]] ''Lozenge'' (U+25CA; <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>◊</syntaxhighlight>) and ''Element of'' (U+2208; <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>∈</syntaxhighlight>) over ''Diamond operator'' (U+22C4; <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⋄</syntaxhighlight>) and ''Small Element of'' (U+220A; <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>∊</syntaxhighlight>) which are more commonly used by other dialects. This can lead to [[SYNTAX ERROR]]s if attempting to use code written for GNU APL in other implementations. However, GNU APL also accepts the more common code points.
 
== Numeric types ==
 
GNU APL supports both 64-bit floats and 64-bit integers, as well as complex numbers whose components are floating-point. The integer type is used when a value can be conveniently determined to have an integer value, in particular when a primitive that is "integer by nature" is called on integer arguments and the result is not too large (GNU reserves a region at the boundary of the 64-bit range where results may be either integer or float).<ref>GNU APL documentation §3.1, [https://www.gnu.org/software/apl/apl.html#System-Limits System Limits]. Accessed 2024-02-22.</ref> Monadic function <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⊤∨</syntaxhighlight> converts near-integer floating-point values to the integer type. Experimental support for rationals, which are ratios of 64-bit integers, can be enabled at compile time.


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/apl The GNU APL Homepage]
* [http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-apl/ The GNU APL Mailing List]
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/apl/apl.html The GNU APL Info Manual]
* [http://svn.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/apl/ GNU APL Sources (Subversion)]
* [https://savannah.gnu.org/svn/?group=apl Help for GNU APL Subversion]
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/apl/Community.html The GNU APL Community]


* [http://juergen-sauermann.de/try-GNU-APL Try GNU APL online]
== References ==
* [https://www.gnu.org/software/apl/ Website]
<references/>
 
{{APL dialects}}[[Category:APL dialects]][[Category:Nested array languages]]
{{APL programming language}}

Latest revision as of 12:28, 22 February 2024

"Both 32-and 64-bit GNU APL are available for Windows, truly proving G_d is great! الله أكبر"

Alan G. Konheim. Creativity in Computer Science – Horst Feistel. Footnote 14. Page F-9.

GNU APL is a free and (almost) complete implementation of Extended APL as specified in ISO/IEC 13751:2001 and is thus similar to APL2. It was initially written and is being maintained by Jürgen Sauermann. It includes extensions such as complex numbers and a shared variable interface.

In addition to a normal local APL session, GNU APL can used in a "scripting" language fashion by processing linear scripts passed to the interpreter at startup. It can also be compiled into a shared loadable library for embedding the interpreter into other projects.

Documents on GNU APL sometimes quote Richard Stallman, who both founded GNU and programmed in APL. However, Stallman is not directly associated with the project.

Encoding

GNU APL tends to prefer the Unicode Lozenge (U+25CA; ◊) and Element of (U+2208; ∈) over Diamond operator (U+22C4; ⋄) and Small Element of (U+220A; ∊) which are more commonly used by other dialects. This can lead to SYNTAX ERRORs if attempting to use code written for GNU APL in other implementations. However, GNU APL also accepts the more common code points.

Numeric types

GNU APL supports both 64-bit floats and 64-bit integers, as well as complex numbers whose components are floating-point. The integer type is used when a value can be conveniently determined to have an integer value, in particular when a primitive that is "integer by nature" is called on integer arguments and the result is not too large (GNU reserves a region at the boundary of the 64-bit range where results may be either integer or float).[1] Monadic function ⊤∨ converts near-integer floating-point values to the integer type. Experimental support for rationals, which are ratios of 64-bit integers, can be enabled at compile time.

External links

References

  1. ↑ GNU APL documentation §3.1, System Limits. Accessed 2024-02-22.
APL dialects [edit]
Maintained APL+Win ∙ APL2 ∙ APL64 ∙ APL\iv ∙ Aplette ∙ April ∙ Co-dfns ∙ Dyalog APL ∙ Dyalog APL Vision ∙ dzaima/APL ∙ GNU APL ∙ Kap ∙ NARS2000 ∙ Pometo ∙ TinyAPL
Historical A Programming Language ∙ A+ (A) ∙ APL# ∙ APL2C ∙ APL\360 ∙ APL/700 ∙ APL\1130 ∙ APL\3000 ∙ APL.68000 ∙ APL*PLUS ∙ APL.jl ∙ APL.SV ∙ APLX ∙ Extended Dyalog APL ∙ Iverson notation ∙ IVSYS/7090 ∙ NARS ∙ ngn/apl ∙ openAPL ∙ Operators and Functions ∙ PAT ∙ Rowan ∙ SAX ∙ SHARP APL ∙ Rationalized APL ∙ VisualAPL (APLNext) ∙ VS APL ∙ York APL
Derivatives AHPL ∙ BQN ∙ CoSy ∙ ELI ∙ Glee ∙ I ∙ Ivy ∙ J ∙ Jelly ∙ K (Goal, Klong, Q) ∙ KamilaLisp ∙ Lang5 ∙ Lil ∙ Nial ∙ RAD ∙ Uiua
Overviews Comparison of APL dialects ∙ Timeline of array languages ∙ Timeline of influential array languages ∙ Family tree of array languages
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