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| style="width:50%;text-align:center;" | <span style="font-size:xx-large">Welcome to [[APL Wiki]],</span></br>
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[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles about APL that anyone can edit
| style="width:50%;text-align:center;" | <span style="font-size:xx-large">Welcome to [[APL Wiki]],</span><br>
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[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles about APL that anyone can edit.<br>
APL is an [[wikipedia:Array_programming|array-oriented programming language]]. Its powerful, concise [[APL syntax|syntax]] lets you develop shorter programs that enable you to think more about the problem you're trying to solve than how to express it to a computer.  
See the [[overview|navigational overview]] of content.
| [[File:APL logo.png|48px|link=APL logo]]
| [[The name APL|'''APL''']] is an [[wikipedia:Array_programming|array-oriented programming language]]. Its natural, concise [[APL syntax|syntax]] lets you develop shorter programs while thinking more about the problem you're trying to solve than how to express it to a computer.  
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<h2 style="margin:.75em 0; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Running APL</h2>
<h2 style="margin:.75em 0; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Running APL</h2>
Traditionally a commercial language, there are now quite a few implementations available to download for free without feature limitations, and several of these can be tried online without installing anything.
Traditionally a commercial language, quite a few implementations are now free without feature limitations, several can be tried online, and many are [[List of open-source array languages|open source]].


<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Running APL]] ∙ [https://tryapl.org/ Try APL online]'''</p>
<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Running APL]] ∙ [https://tryapl.org/ Try APL online]'''</p>


| style="background:#f5faff;border:1px solid #cee0f2;padding:0 1em" |
| style="background:#f5faff;border:1px solid #cee0f2;padding:0 1em" |
<h2 style="margin:0.75em 0; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;>Introduction to APL</h2>
<h2 style="margin:0.75em 0; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;>Hello world</h2>


Taking up a new programming language can be a daunting task. While it can appear cryptic at first, APL is actually very easy to learn and [[semantic density|read]]. A few introductory guides have been created to help you in the process.
Taking up a new programming language can be a daunting task. While it can appear cryptic at first, you can learn to [[semantic density|read]], write and [[mnemonics|remember]] APL with little effort. There is plenty of material to help you in the process.


<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Discovering APL]] ∙ [[Learning resources]] ∙ [[Language overview]]'''</p>
<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Introductions]] ∙ [[Learning resources]] ∙ [[Blogs]] ∙ [[Podcasts]] ∙ [[Videos]]'''</p>
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| style="background:#faf5ff;border:1px solid #e0cef2;padding:0 1em" |
| style="background:#faf5ff;border:1px solid #e0cef2;padding:0 1em" |
<h2 style="margin:0.75em 0; background:#ddcef2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em">Who uses APL?</h2>
<h2 style="margin:0.75em 0; background:#ddcef2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em">Who uses it?</h2>
APL has gained traction among both hobbyists and and real-world application developers. There are active [[:Category:user groups|user groups]] all around the globe, many of these hold regular in-person meet-ups. There is also a popular online [[APL Orchard|APL chat room]].
APL is used by both hobbyists and application developers. There are active [[user groups and meetups]] online and all around the globe. There are also multiple online [[chat rooms and forums]].


<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Case studies]] ∙ [[Community|Community overview]]'''</p>
<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Case studies]] ∙ [[Job listings]] ∙ [[Conferences]]'''</p>


| style="background:#fff5fa;border:1px solid #f2cee0;padding:0 1em" |
| style="background:#fff5fa;border:1px solid #f2cee0;padding:0 1em" |
<h2 style="margin:0.75em 0; background:#f2cedd; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #bfa3af; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em">Contributing</h2>
<h2 style="margin:0.75em 0; background:#f2cedd; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #bfa3af; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em">Contributing</h2>
APL Wiki is an online open-content collaborative knowledge base; that is, a voluntary association of individuals and groups working to develop a common knowledge resource. The structure of the project allows anyone with an Internet connection to alter its content.
[[APL_Wiki:About|APL Wiki]] is an online open-content [[wikipedia:wiki|wiki]]; that is, a voluntary association of individuals and groups working to develop a common knowledge resource. The structure of the project allows anyone with an Internet connection to alter [[APL_Wiki:Content_guidelines|its content]].
<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Contributing|How to contribute]] ∙ [[Special:NewPages|New pages]] ∙ [[Special:WantedPages| Wanted pages]] ∙ [[wikipedia:Wiki|What is a wiki?]]'''</p>
<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Help:Contributing|How to contribute]] ∙ [[Special:NewPages|New pages]] ∙ [[Special:WantedPages| Wanted pages]]'''</p>
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APL's terseness means that substantial programs are expressible in a small space, relative to many other programming languages. Below are just a taste. Many more, and fully explained, examples are in the [[simple examples]] article.
APL's terseness means that substantial programs are expressible in a small space, relative to many other programming languages. Below are just a taste. Many more, and fully explained, examples are in the [[simple examples]] article.
=== Split text by delimiter ===
=== Split text by delimiter ===
With the introduction of [[tacit]] programming, many functions can be expressed in fewer characters that even the shortest fitting name. For example <source lang=apl inline>≠⊆⊢</source> is but three characters, while would need five for the name <code>Split</code>:
With the introduction of [[tacit programming]], many functions can be expressed in fewer characters than even the shortest fitting name. For example <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>≠⊆⊢</syntaxhighlight> is but three characters, while you would need five for the name <code>Split</code>:


[https://tryapl.org/?a=%27%2C%27%28%u2260%u2286%u22A2%29%27comma%2Cdelimited%2Ctext%27&run Try it now!]
[https://tryapl.org/?a=%27%2C%27%28%u2260%u2286%u22A2%29%27comma%2Cdelimited%2Ctext%27&run Try it now!]
<source lang=apl>
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl>
       ','(≠⊆⊢)'comma,delimited,text'
       ','(≠⊆⊢)'comma,delimited,text'
┌─────┬─────────┬────┐
┌─────┬─────────┬────┐
│comma│delimited│text│
│comma│delimited│text│
└─────┴─────────┴────┘
└─────┴─────────┴────┘
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Works in|[[Dyalog APL]]}}
{{Works in|[[Dyalog APL]]}}
Now read [[Simple examples#Split text by delimiter|the full explanation]]…
'''[[Simple examples#Split text by delimiter|Full explanation…]]'''


=== Conway's "Game of Life" ===
=== Conway's "Game of Life" ===
[[John Scholes]] is famous for the following implementation of ''[[wikipedia:Conway's Game of Life|Conway's Game of Life]]'':
[[John Scholes]] is famous for the following implementation of ''[[Conway's Game of Life]]'':


[https://tryapl.org/?a=%u22A2world%u21902%202%202%202%u22A40%2012%205%202%204%201&run&a=%7B%u21911%20%u2375%u2228.%u22273%204%3D+/%2C%AF1%200%201%u2218.%u2296%AF1%200%201%u2218.%u233D%u2282%u2375%7D%20world&run Try it now!]
[https://tryapl.org/?clear&q=%E2%8E%95%E2%86%90world%E2%86%902%202%202%202%E2%8A%A40%2012%205%202%204%201%20%E2%8B%84%20%E2%86%93%20%E2%8B%84%20%7B%E2%86%911%20%E2%8D%B5%E2%88%A8.%E2%88%A73%204%3D%2B%2F%2C%C2%AF1%200%201%E2%88%98.%E2%8A%96%C2%AF1%200%201%E2%88%98.%E2%8C%BD%E2%8A%82%E2%8D%B5%7D%20world&run Try it now!]
<source lang=apl>
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl>
       ⊢world←2 2 2 2⊤0 12 5 2 4 1
       ⎕←world←2 2 2 2⊤0 12 5 2 4 1
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 1 0
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0 1 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 1 1 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Works in|[[Dyalog APL]], [[ngn/apl]]}}
{{Works in|[[Dyalog APL]], [[ngn/apl]]}}
Now read the [[Conway's Game of Life|full article]]…
'''[[John Scholes' Conway's Game of Life|Full article…]]'''


<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Simple examples|Further simple examples]] ∙ [[Advanced examples]]'''</p>
<p style="text-align:center">'''[[Simple examples|Further simple examples]] ∙ [[Advanced examples]]'''</p>
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Latest revision as of 15:16, 8 August 2024


Welcome to APL Wiki,

458 articles about APL that anyone can edit.
See the navigational overview of content.

APL logo.png APL is an array-oriented programming language. Its natural, concise syntax lets you develop shorter programs while thinking more about the problem you're trying to solve than how to express it to a computer.

Running APL

Traditionally a commercial language, quite a few implementations are now free without feature limitations, several can be tried online, and many are open source.

Running APL ∙ Try APL online

Hello world

Taking up a new programming language can be a daunting task. While it can appear cryptic at first, you can learn to read, write and remember APL with little effort. There is plenty of material to help you in the process.

Introductions ∙ Learning resources ∙ Blogs ∙ Podcasts ∙ Videos

Who uses it?

APL is used by both hobbyists and application developers. There are active user groups and meetups online and all around the globe. There are also multiple online chat rooms and forums.

Case studies ∙ Job listings ∙ Conferences

Contributing

APL Wiki is an online open-content wiki; that is, a voluntary association of individuals and groups working to develop a common knowledge resource. The structure of the project allows anyone with an Internet connection to alter its content.

How to contribute ∙ New pages ∙ Wanted pages

Examples

APL's terseness means that substantial programs are expressible in a small space, relative to many other programming languages. Below are just a taste. Many more, and fully explained, examples are in the simple examples article.

Split text by delimiter

With the introduction of tacit programming, many functions can be expressed in fewer characters than even the shortest fitting name. For example ≠⊆⊢ is but three characters, while you would need five for the name Split:

Try it now! 

      ','(≠⊆⊢)'comma,delimited,text'
┌─────┬─────────┬────┐
│comma│delimited│text│
└─────┴─────────┴────┘
Works in: Dyalog APL

Full explanation…

Conway's "Game of Life"

John Scholes is famous for the following implementation of Conway's Game of Life:

Try it now! 

      ⎕←world←2 2 2 2⊤0 12 5 2 4 1
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 1
      {↑1 ⍵∨.∧3 4=+/,¯1 0 1∘.⊖¯1 0 1∘.⌽⊂⍵} world
1 1 0 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 0 0
0 1 0 1 1 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
Works in: Dyalog APL, ngn/apl

Full article…

Further simple examples ∙ Advanced examples

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