NARS
STSC's APL*PLUS Nested Arrays System (acronymized NARS, from "Nested Array Research System") was the first commercial nested APL implementation. Drawing on work by Jim Brown, Trenchard More, and development manager Bob Smith, NARS introduced a new set of functions for working with arrays that contain arrays, as well as many new operators such as Power.[2] It was heavily influenced by Ken Iverson's 1978 paper Operators and Functions, and as a result features the first implementations of many primitives that were later added to SHARP APL and J under Iverson's direct supervision.
Primitives
NARS was an extension of APL*PLUS, which used the APL.SV primitive set, except for Execute (<syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⍎</source>). Only new primitives are shown here, with existing cases in parentheses.
Functions
| Glyph | Monadic | Dyadic |
|---|---|---|
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⊂</source> | Enclose | Partitioned Enclose |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⊃</source> | Disclose or First | Pick |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⊤</source> | Type | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>≡</source> | Simple (NARS) | Equivalent |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>≢</source> | Not-Simple | Inequivalent |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>↓</source> | Split | (Drop) |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>↑</source> | Mix | (Take) |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>∪</source> | Unique | Union |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>~</source> | Set Difference | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>∩</source> | Intersection | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⍪</source> | Catenate along the First Dimension |
Additionally, Index Generator was extended to allow a vector argument, Replicate and Expand were extended to allow integer left arguments, and Reshape was extended to allow an empty right argument (using fill elements).
Operators
| Syntax | Monadic call | Dyadic call |
|---|---|---|
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f/</source> | (Reduction) | Dyadic Reduction (Windowed Reduction) |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f\</source> | (Scan) | Dyadic Scan |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f¨</source> | Each | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f⍨</source> | Commute | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f⍣B</source> | Power | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f⍣∘</source> | Power Limit | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f⍣∘</source> | Power Series | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f∘g</source> | Composition (Beside) | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>A∘g</source> | Composition (Bind) | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f∘B</source> | ||
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>f⍢g</source> | Dual | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>∘.g</source> | Function Table | (Outer Product) |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>A⍡</source> | Convolution operator | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>A∘/</source> | Mask | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>A∘\</source> | Mesh | |
| Direct definition | ||
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>∘∇B</source> | Monadic | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>A∇∘</source> | Dyadic | |
| <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>A∇B</source> | Ambivalent | |
Other functionality
- Stranding and stranded assignment syntax were added.
- The primitive array Zilde was introduced.
- The assignment arrow <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>←</source> with nothing to the left was used to indicate Sink, which prevented display of a value.
- Defined functions were extended to allow an ambivalent case.
- Choose indexing was added.
References
- ↑ Bob Smith. "Nested arrays, operators, and functions" at APL81.
- ↑ Carl M. Cheney. APL*PLUS Nested Arrays System (reference manual). STSC. 1981.
| APL dialects [edit] | |
|---|---|
| Maintained | APL+Win ∙ APL2 ∙ APL64 ∙ APL\iv ∙ Aplette ∙ April ∙ Co-dfns ∙ Dyalog APL ∙ Dyalog APL Vision ∙ dzaima/APL ∙ GNU APL ∙ Kap ∙ NARS2000 ∙ Pometo |
| Historical | A Programming Language ∙ A+ (A) ∙ APL# ∙ APL2C ∙ APL\360 ∙ APL/700 ∙ APL\1130 ∙ APL\3000 ∙ APL.68000 ∙ APL*PLUS ∙ APL.jl ∙ APL.SV ∙ APLX ∙ Extended Dyalog APL ∙ Iverson notation ∙ IVSYS/7090 ∙ NARS ∙ ngn/apl ∙ openAPL ∙ Operators and Functions ∙ PAT ∙ Rowan ∙ SAX ∙ SHARP APL ∙ Rationalized APL ∙ VisualAPL (APLNext) ∙ VS APL ∙ York APL |
| Derivatives | AHPL ∙ BQN ∙ CoSy ∙ ELI ∙ Glee ∙ I ∙ Ivy ∙ J ∙ Jelly ∙ K (Goal, Klong, Q) ∙ KamilaLisp ∙ Lang5 ∙ Lil ∙ Nial ∙ RAD ∙ Uiua |
| Overviews | Comparison of APL dialects ∙ Timeline of array languages ∙ Timeline of influential array languages ∙ Family tree of array languages |