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To facilitate self-study, the resources here are classified by target audience. However, if you get stuck, don't hesitate to request help in the [[APL Orchard]] chat room or [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=apl ask a question on Stack Exchange]. | To facilitate self-study, the resources here are classified by target audience. However, if you get stuck, don't hesitate to request help in the [[APL Orchard]] chat room or [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=apl ask a question on Stack Exchange]. | ||
It may be beneficial to learn the APL [[terminology]]. | |||
== For non-programmers == | == For non-programmers == | ||
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* The [https://tryapl.org/?tab=3 Learn tab on TryAPL] | * The [https://tryapl.org/?tab=3 Learn tab on TryAPL] | ||
* The book [[Mastering Dyalog APL]] by Bernard Legrand | * The book [[Mastering Dyalog APL]] by Bernard Legrand | ||
* The book [https://archive.org/details/apl-2-at-a-glance-brown-pakin-polivka/ APL2 at a Glance] by [[Jim Brown]], Sandra Pakin, and [[Ray Polivka]] (also [https://www.blitter.com/nextcloud/index.php/s/8cj5JMAxsrCc4Wd#pdfviewer in German]) | |||
* [http://www.microapl.com/apl/learn_apl.html Learning APL with APLX] (also [http://www.microapl.com/apl/LearningAPLwithAPLX.pdf as PDF]) | * [http://www.microapl.com/apl/learn_apl.html Learning APL with APLX] (also [http://www.microapl.com/apl/LearningAPLwithAPLX.pdf as PDF]) | ||
* The [https://tutorial.dyalog.com Zark APL Tutor] | * The [https://tutorial.dyalog.com Zark APL Tutor] | ||
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* [http://robertson.uk.net/Files/APL1&2.pdf A Practical Introduction to APL 1 & 2] (3 & 4 is [[#For novice APLers|for experts]]) | * [http://robertson.uk.net/Files/APL1&2.pdf A Practical Introduction to APL 1 & 2] (3 & 4 is [[#For novice APLers|for experts]]) | ||
* Découvrez le langage APL: parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nxq1BUUXobM 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-E7BsMg_Qc 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csx2Z-GEGPw 3] by Eric Schrafstetter (in French) | * Découvrez le langage APL: parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nxq1BUUXobM 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-E7BsMg_Qc 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csx2Z-GEGPw 3] by Eric Schrafstetter (in French) | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgTqamKi1MS3p-O0QAgjv5vt4NY5OgpiM Learn APL with neural networks] (video series) | |||
* [https://romilly.github.io/o-x-o/an-introduction.html MENACE in APL] (An early Reinforcement Learning project reimplemented in APL) | |||
* [https://old.aplwiki.com/LearnApl/TutorialContents The tutorial from the old APL Wiki] | |||
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1955671BD6E21548 APLtrainer tutorials] (video series) | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
Follow one or a couple of these tutorials through and play around a bit. To learn APL the advice is similar to that for learning other languages: have a goal (something you want to accomplish) and try to do it. Along the way you are sure to come across the pitfalls and gotchas of the language, and with time you may come to understand what APL thinking means. | Follow one or a couple of these tutorials through and play around a bit. To learn APL the advice is similar to that for learning other languages: have a goal (something you want to accomplish) and try to do it. Along the way you are sure to come across the pitfalls and gotchas of the language, and with time you may come to understand what APL thinking means. | ||
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This is a list of tutorials and other resources of interest to someone who knows about programming or is familiar with another programming language, but wants to learn more about APL. | This is a list of tutorials and other resources of interest to someone who knows about programming or is familiar with another programming language, but wants to learn more about APL. | ||
<div style="column-width: | <div style="column-width:40em"> | ||
* APL Wiki's [[advanced examples]] | * APL Wiki's [[advanced examples]] | ||
* APL Wiki's [[Books]] | * APL Wiki's [[Books]] | ||
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* [[APL Cultivation]] (chat lessons) | * [[APL Cultivation]] (chat lessons) | ||
* [https://tryapl.org TryAPL online interpreter with lessons] | * [https://tryapl.org TryAPL online interpreter with lessons] | ||
* [https://rikedyp.github.io/APLWorkshop APL Workshop] | * [https://rikedyp.github.io/APLWorkshop APL Workshop] (self-study course) | ||
* [https://github.com/nooodl/learnxinyminutes-docs/blob/master/apl.apl Learn X in Y minutes] | * [https://github.com/nooodl/learnxinyminutes-docs/blob/master/apl.apl Learn X in Y minutes] | ||
* [https://codeburst.io/lets-learn-a-programming-language-5f374e4abae5 Let's Learn A Programming Language] | * [https://codeburst.io/lets-learn-a-programming-language-5f374e4abae5 Let's Learn A Programming Language] | ||
* The [[Mastering Dyalog APL]] book | * The book [[Mastering Dyalog APL]] by Bernard Legrand | ||
* [https://tutorial.dyalog.com/ Zark tutorial] | * The book [[Learning APL]] by [[User:Xpqz|Stefan Kruger]] | ||
* The book [https://archive.org/details/apl-2-at-a-glance-brown-pakin-polivka/ APL2 at a Glance] by [[Jim Brown]], Sandra Pakin, [[Ray Polivka]] (also [https://www.blitter.com/nextcloud/index.php/s/8cj5JMAxsrCc4Wd#pdfviewer in German])* [https://tutorial.dyalog.com/ Zark tutorial] | |||
* [https://github.com/vendethiel/trying.apl Trying APL] | * [https://github.com/vendethiel/trying.apl Trying APL] | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgTqamKi1MS3p-O0QAgjv5vt4NY5OgpiM Learn APL with neural networks] (video series) | * [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgTqamKi1MS3p-O0QAgjv5vt4NY5OgpiM Learn APL with neural networks] (video series) | ||
* [https://github.com/annser/annser Artificial Neural Networks] | * [https://github.com/annser/annser Artificial Neural Networks] | ||
* [https://codeburst.io/fizzbuzz-in-apl-a193d1954b4b FizzBuzz] | * [https://codeburst.io/fizzbuzz-in-apl-a193d1954b4b FizzBuzz] | ||
* [https://wordsandbuttons.online/apl_deserves_its_renaissance_too.html APL deserves its renaissance too] (interactive explanation of [[John Scholes' Conway's Game of Life]]) | |||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UltnvW83_CQ An Introduction to APL] (video) | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
== For novice APLers == | == For novice APLers == | ||
* [https://www.blitter.com/nextcloud/index.php/s/2Wg3HNWHRiYb5K7#pdfviewer APL2 in Depth] by Norman Thomson and [[Ray Polivka]] | |||
* [http://robertson.uk.net/Files/APL3&4.pdf A Practical Introduction to APL 3 & 4] | * [http://robertson.uk.net/Files/APL3&4.pdf A Practical Introduction to APL 3 & 4] | ||
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If you already have a fair grasp of APL's [[primitive function]]s and [[primitive operator|operators]], you can sharpen your skills by challenging yourself with these: | If you already have a fair grasp of APL's [[primitive function]]s and [[primitive operator|operators]], you can sharpen your skills by challenging yourself with these: | ||
* [https://www.jsoftware.com/papers/APL_exercises/ APL Exercises] by [[Roger Hui]] | |||
* [https://aplcart.info/quiz APLcart Quiz]: Be challenged to write a function for a given task or to explain what a given function does. (Based on [[APLcart]] data.) | * [https://aplcart.info/quiz APLcart Quiz]: Be challenged to write a function for a given task or to explain what a given function does. (Based on [[APLcart]] data.) | ||
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* [[APL-eusis]]: A game for honing your ability to "think in APL". | * [[APL-eusis]]: A game for honing your ability to "think in APL". | ||
* [[Advent of Code]]: A collection of small programming puzzles. | |||
== For advanced APLers == | == For advanced APLers == | ||
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Those who learned APL "in the early days" should note that several implementations have made significant extensions to the language and system in the last decade or two. | Those who learned APL "in the early days" should note that several implementations have made significant extensions to the language and system in the last decade or two. | ||
* New primitive functions: <source lang=apl inline>⊢</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Right_identity|Right]]; <source lang=apl inline>⊣</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Left_identity|Left]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌷</source> [[Materialise]], [[Squad indexing|Index]]; <source lang=apl inline>≡</source> [[Depth]], [[Match]]; <source lang=apl inline>≢</source> [[Tally]], [[Not Match]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍸</source> [[Where]], [[Interval Index]]; <source lang=apl inline>⊆</source> [[Nest]], [[Partition]] | * General video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XN1l1WiYc_o Dyalog APL for other APL users] ([[assignment]], [[control structure]]s, [[namespace]]s, [[migration level]], [[Bind]], [[user-defined operator]]s, [[dfn]]s, [[Error trapping with Dyalog APL|error trapping]], [[shyness]], [[namelist]]s, [[GCD]], [[LCM]], [[Power operator]], and more) | ||
* New primitive functions: <source lang=apl inline>⊢</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Right_identity|Right]]; <source lang=apl inline>⊣</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Left_identity|Left]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌷</source> [[Materialise]], [[Squad indexing|Index]]; <source lang=apl inline>≡</source> [[Depth]], [[Match]]; <source lang=apl inline>≢</source> [[Tally]], [[Not Match]]; <source lang=apl inline>≠</source> [[Nub Sieve]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍸</source> [[Where]], [[Interval Index]]; <source lang=apl inline>⊆</source> [[Nest]], [[Partition]] | |||
* New primitive operators: <source lang=apl inline>∘</source> [[Bind]], [[Beside]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍤</source> [[Rank operator|Rank]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌸</source> [[Key]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌺</source> [[Stencil]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍠</source> [[Variant]] | * New primitive operators: <source lang=apl inline>⍨</source> [[Commute]], [[Constant]]; <source lang=apl inline>@</source> [[At]]; <source lang=apl inline>∘</source> [[Bind]], [[Beside]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍤</source> [[Atop operator|Atop]], [[Rank]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍥</source> [[Over]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍤</source> [[Rank operator|Rank]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌸</source> [[Key]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌺</source> [[Stencil]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍠</source> [[Variant]]; <source lang=apl inline>&</source> [[Spawn]] | ||
* Lambdas ([[ | * Lambdas ([[dfn]]s): [https://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Functions%20and%20Operators.htm Intro]; [https://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/MultiLine%20Dynamic%20Functions.htm Details]; [https://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Operators.htm Operators]; [https://dfns.dyalog.com/n_contents.htm The dfns workspace] (collection of categorized utilities with extensive comments and notes) | ||
* [[Tacit programming]]: [[Dyalog APL]] documentation: [https://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/RelNotes14.0/Function%20Trains.htm Intro]; [https://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Introduction/Trains.htm Details]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kt4lMZbn-so short video]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2LqqBosvY0 long video]; [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/conversation/lesson-23-transcribing-to-and-reading-trains APL Cultivation lesson] | * [[Tacit programming]]: [[Dyalog APL]] documentation: [https://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/RelNotes14.0/Function%20Trains.htm Intro]; [https://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Introduction/Trains.htm Details]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kt4lMZbn-so short video]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2LqqBosvY0 long video]; [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/conversation/lesson-23-transcribing-to-and-reading-trains APL Cultivation lesson]; [[Function composition]] | ||
* Other features: [[Keyword]]s; [[Object-oriented programming]];[[namespace]]s | * Other features and concepts: [[Keyword]]s; [[Object-oriented programming]]; [[namespace]]s; [[Total array ordering]]; [[Leading axis theory]]; [[Complex number]]s | ||
{{APL development}} | {{APL development}}[[Category:Lists]][[Category:Resources]] | ||