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|{{quote | "I have long been struck by the contrast between the success with which the adventurous learn APL by simply using it, and the frequent failure of lecture courses to communicate the simplicity and applicability of the language."|[[Ken Iverson]]. ''A Working Introduction to APL'', 1981.}}
|{{quote | "I have long been struck by the contrast between the success with which the adventurous learn APL by simply using it, and the frequent failure of lecture courses to communicate the simplicity and applicability of the language."|[[Ken Iverson]]. ''A Working Introduction to APL'', 1981.}}
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|}
To facilitate self-study, the resources here are classified by target audience. However, if you get stuck, don't hesitate to request help in the [[APL Orchard]] chat room or [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=apl ask a question on Stack Exchange].
== For non-programmers ==
== For non-programmers ==


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* The [https://tutorial.dyalog.com Zark APL Tutor]
* The [https://tutorial.dyalog.com Zark APL Tutor]
* APL a Day: [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-0-introduction/ Introduction], [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-1-functions/ Functions], [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-2-arrays-values/ Arrays, Values], [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-3-arrays-have-shape/ Arrays have Shape]
* APL a Day: [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-0-introduction/ Introduction], [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-1-functions/ Functions], [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-2-arrays-values/ Arrays, Values], [https://www.sacrideo.us/apl-a-day-3-arrays-have-shape/ Arrays have Shape]
* [http://robertson.uk.net/Files/APL1&2.pdf A Practical Introduction to APL 1 & 2] (3 & 4 is [[#For novice APLers|for experts]])
* Découvrez le langage APL : [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nxq1BUUXobM part 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-E7BsMg_Qc part 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csx2Z-GEGPw part 3] by Eric Schrafstetter (in French)
Follow one or a couple of these tutorials through and play around a bit. To learn APL the advice is similar to that for learning other languages: have a goal (something you want to accomplish) and try to do it. Along the way you are sure to come across the pitfalls and gotchas of the language, and with time you may come to understand what APL thinking means.
Follow one or a couple of these tutorials through and play around a bit. To learn APL the advice is similar to that for learning other languages: have a goal (something you want to accomplish) and try to do it. Along the way you are sure to come across the pitfalls and gotchas of the language, and with time you may come to understand what APL thinking means.
If you get stuck, don't hesitate to ask your questions in the [[APL Orchard]] chat room.


== For non-APL programmers ==
== For non-APL programmers ==
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<div style="column-width:20em">
<div style="column-width:20em">
* APL Wiki's [[advanced examples]]
* APL Wiki's [[advanced examples]]
* [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/info/52405/the-apl-orchard?tab=conversations APL Cultivation] (chat lessons)
* APL Wiki's [[Books]]
* APL Wiki's [[Papers]]
* [[APL Cultivation]] (chat lessons)
* [https://tryapl.org TryAPL online interpreter with lessons]
* [https://tryapl.org TryAPL online interpreter with lessons]
* [https://github.com/nooodl/learnxinyminutes-docs/blob/master/apl.apl Learn X in Y minutes]
* [https://github.com/nooodl/learnxinyminutes-docs/blob/master/apl.apl Learn X in Y minutes]
* [https://codeburst.io/lets-learn-a-programming-language-5f374e4abae5 Let's Learn A Programming Language]
* [https://codeburst.io/lets-learn-a-programming-language-5f374e4abae5 Let's Learn A Programming Language]
* APLWiki list of Books and Publications <span style="background:yellow"> ← Migrate https://old.aplwiki.com/BooksAndPublications</span>
* [https://www.dyalog.com/mastering-dyalog-apl.htm Mastering Dyalog APL] and its companion [https://github.com/mhaupt/mastering_dyalog_apl GitHub repository]
* [https://www.dyalog.com/mastering-dyalog-apl.htm Mastering Dyalog APL]
* [https://github.com/mhaupt/mastering_dyalog_apl GitHub repository]
* [https://tutorial.dyalog.com/ Zark tutorial]
* [https://tutorial.dyalog.com/ Zark tutorial]
* [https://github.com/vendethiel/trying.apl Trying APL]
* [https://github.com/vendethiel/trying.apl Trying APL]
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== For novice APLers ==
== For novice APLers ==
* [http://robertson.uk.net/Files/APL3&4.pdf A Practical Introduction to APL 3 & 4]


If you already have a fair grasp of APL's [[primitive function]]s and [[primitive operator|operators]], you can sharpen your skills by challenging yourself with these:
If you already have a fair grasp of APL's [[primitive function]]s and [[primitive operator|operators]], you can sharpen your skills by challenging yourself with these:
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* [https://www.dyalog.com/2017-code-golf-challenge.htm 2017 Code Golf Challenge]: Find the shortest possible APL expression that evaluates 1…52 without using any number or character literals.
* [https://www.dyalog.com/2017-code-golf-challenge.htm 2017 Code Golf Challenge]: Find the shortest possible APL expression that evaluates 1…52 without using any number or character literals.


* [https://www.dyalog.com/student-competition.htm APL Problem Solving Competition]s — Try to solve past years' problems.
* [https://www.dyalog.com/student-competition.htm Previous years' problems] from the [[APL Problem Solving Competition]].


* [[APL-eusis]]: A game for honing your ability to "think in APL".
* [[APL-eusis]]: A game for honing your ability to "think in APL".


== For old APLers ==
== For old APLers ==
In the last decade, several implementations have extended APL with new primitives:
In the last decade, several implementations have extended APL:
=== Primitives ===
Functions: <source lang=apl inline>⊢</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Right_identity|Right]];
<source lang=apl inline>⊣</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Left_identity|Left]];
<source lang=apl inline>⌷</source> [[Materialise]], [[Squad indexing|Index]];
<source lang=apl inline>≡</source> [[Depth]], [[Match]];
<source lang=apl inline>≢</source> [[Tally]], [[Not Match]];
<source lang=apl inline>⍸</source> [[Where]], [[Interval Index]];
<source lang=apl inline>⊆</source> [[Nest]], [[Partition]]


Operators: <source lang=apl inline></source> [[Bind]], [[Compose]];
* New primitive functions: <source lang=apl inline></source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Right_identity|Right]]; <source lang=apl inline></source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Left_identity|Left]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌷</source> [[Materialise]], [[Squad indexing|Index]]; <source lang=apl inline>≡</source> [[Depth]], [[Match]]; <source lang=apl inline></source> [[Tally]], [[Not Match]]; <source lang=apl inline></source> [[Where]], [[Interval Index]]; <source lang=apl inline></source> [[Nest]], [[Partition]]
<source lang=apl inline></source> [[Rank operator|Rank]];
<source lang=apl inline></source> [[Key]];
<source lang=apl inline></source> [[Stencil]];
<source lang=apl inline></source> [[Variant]]


=== Lambdas ===
* New primitive operators: <source lang=apl inline>∘</source> [[Bind]], [[Beside]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍤</source> [[Rank operator|Rank]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌸</source> [[Key]]; <source lang=apl inline>⌺</source> [[Stencil]]; <source lang=apl inline>⍠</source> [[Variant]]
* [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Functions%20and%20Operators.htm Intro]
* [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/MultiLine%20Dynamic%20Functions.htm Details]
* [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Operators.htm Operators]
* [https://dfns.dyalog.com/n_contents.htm The dfns workspace] is a collection of categorized utility dfns and dops with extensive comments and notes.


=== Tacit programming ===
* Lambdas ([[dfns]]): [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Functions%20and%20Operators.htm Intro]; [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/MultiLine%20Dynamic%20Functions.htm Details]; [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Operators.htm Operators]; [https://dfns.dyalog.com/n_contents.htm The dfns workspace] (collection of categorized utilities with extensive comments and notes)
{{Main|Tacit programming}}
* [[Dyalog APL]] documentation: [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/RelNotes14.0/Function%20Trains.htm Intro], [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Introduction/Trains.htm Details]


* Videos: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kt4lMZbn-so Short], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2LqqBosvY0 Long]
* [[Tacit programming]]: [[Dyalog APL]] documentation: [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/RelNotes14.0/Function%20Trains.htm Intro]; [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Introduction/Trains.htm Details]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kt4lMZbn-so short video]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2LqqBosvY0 long video]; [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/conversation/lesson-23-transcribing-to-and-reading-trains APL Cultivation lesson]


* APL Cultivation lesson: [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/conversation/lesson-23-transcribing-to-and-reading-trains Transcribing to and reading trains]
* Other features: [[Keyword]]s; [[Object-oriented programming]]


=== Other features  ===
== For advanced APLers ==
* [[Keyword]]s
* [[Object-oriented programming]]


== How to's for advanced APLers ==
Here is a list of "how-to"s on various subjects:


* [[Error trapping with Dyalog APL]]
* [[Error trapping with Dyalog APL]]
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* [[Cryptography]] <span style="background:yellow">← Migrate https://old.aplwiki.com/CryptographyWithDyalogAndDotNet</span>
* [[Cryptography]] <span style="background:yellow">← Migrate https://old.aplwiki.com/CryptographyWithDyalogAndDotNet</span>
* [[WPF XAML Demo]]


{{APL development}}
{{APL development}}

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