Learning resources: Difference between revisions

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== For old APLers ==
== For old APLers ==
In the last decade, several implementations have extended APL with new primitives:
In the last decade, several implementations have extended APL:
=== Primitives ===
 
Functions: <source lang=apl inline>⊢</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Right_identity|Right]];
'''New primitive functions:''' <source lang=apl inline>⊢</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Right_identity|Right]];
<source lang=apl inline>⊣</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Left_identity|Left]];
<source lang=apl inline>⊣</source> [[Identity|Same]], [[Left_identity|Left]];
<source lang=apl inline>⌷</source> [[Materialise]], [[Squad indexing|Index]];
<source lang=apl inline>⌷</source> [[Materialise]], [[Squad indexing|Index]];
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<source lang=apl inline>⊆</source> [[Nest]], [[Partition]]
<source lang=apl inline>⊆</source> [[Nest]], [[Partition]]


Operators: <source lang=apl inline>∘</source> [[Bind]], [[Compose]];
'''New primitive operators:''' <source lang=apl inline>∘</source> [[Bind]], [[Compose]];
<source lang=apl inline>⍤</source> [[Rank operator|Rank]];
<source lang=apl inline>⍤</source> [[Rank operator|Rank]];
<source lang=apl inline>⌸</source> [[Key]];
<source lang=apl inline>⌸</source> [[Key]];
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<source lang=apl inline>⍠</source> [[Variant]]
<source lang=apl inline>⍠</source> [[Variant]]


=== Lambdas ===
'''Lambdas ([[dfns]]):''' [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Functions%20and%20Operators.htm Intro]; [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/MultiLine%20Dynamic%20Functions.htm Details]; [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Operators.htm Operators]; [https://dfns.dyalog.com/n_contents.htm The dfns workspace] (collection of categorized utilities with extensive comments and notes)
* [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Functions%20and%20Operators.htm Intro]
* [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/MultiLine%20Dynamic%20Functions.htm Details]
* [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Defined%20Functions%20and%20Operators/DynamicFunctions/Dynamic%20Operators.htm Operators]
* [https://dfns.dyalog.com/n_contents.htm The dfns workspace] is a collection of categorized utility dfns and dops with extensive comments and notes.
 
=== Tacit programming ===
{{Main|Tacit programming}}
* [[Dyalog APL]] documentation: [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/RelNotes14.0/Function%20Trains.htm Intro], [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Introduction/Trains.htm Details]
 
* Videos: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kt4lMZbn-so Short], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2LqqBosvY0 Long]


* APL Cultivation lesson: [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/conversation/lesson-23-transcribing-to-and-reading-trains Transcribing to and reading trains]
'''[[Tacit programming]]:''' [[Dyalog APL]] documentation: [http://help.dyalog.com/16.0/Content/RelNotes14.0/Function%20Trains.htm Intro]; [http://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/Introduction/Trains.htm Details]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kt4lMZbn-so short video]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2LqqBosvY0 long video]; [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/conversation/lesson-23-transcribing-to-and-reading-trains APL Cultivation lesson]


=== Other features ===
'''Other features:''' [[Keyword]]s; [[Object-oriented programming]]
* [[Keyword]]s
* [[Object-oriented programming]]


== How to's for advanced APLers ==
== How to's for advanced APLers ==

Revision as of 11:24, 20 April 2020

"I have long been struck by the contrast between the success with which the adventurous learn APL by simply using it, and the frequent failure of lecture courses to communicate the simplicity and applicability of the language."

Ken Iverson. A Working Introduction to APL, 1981.

For non-programmers

Some of the best resources for somebody new to APL and programming in general are:

Follow one or a couple of these tutorials through and play around a bit. To learn APL the advice is similar to that for learning other languages: have a goal (something you want to accomplish) and try to do it. Along the way you are sure to come across the pitfalls and gotchas of the language, and with time you may come to understand what APL thinking means.

If you get stuck, don't hesitate to ask your questions in the APL Orchard chat room.

For non-APL programmers

This is a list of tutorials and other resources of interest to someone who knows about programming or is familiar with another programming language, but wants to learn more about APL.

For novice APLers

If you already have a fair grasp of APL's primitive functions and operators, you can sharpen your skills by challenging yourself with these:

  • APL Crosswords: 1 4 5 — Fill in expressions and snippets to fulfil all the clues.
  • 2016 Year Game: Find APL expressions involving exactly the digits 2 0 1 6 in that order to equal the numbers 0 to 100.
  • 2017 Code Golf Challenge: Find the shortest possible APL expression that evaluates 1…52 without using any number or character literals.
  • APL-eusis: A game for honing your ability to "think in APL".

For old APLers

In the last decade, several implementations have extended APL:

New primitive functions: Same, Right; Same, Left; Materialise, Index; Depth, Match; Tally, Not Match; Where, Interval Index; Nest, Partition

New primitive operators: Bind, Compose; Rank; Key; Stencil; Variant

Lambdas (dfns): Intro; Details; Operators; The dfns workspace (collection of categorized utilities with extensive comments and notes)

Tacit programming: Dyalog APL documentation: Intro; Details; short video; long video; APL Cultivation lesson

Other features: Keywords; Object-oriented programming

How to's for advanced APLers


APL development [edit]
Interface SessionTyping glyphs (on Linux) ∙ FontsText editors
Publications IntroductionsLearning resourcesSimple examplesAdvanced examplesMnemonicsISO 8485:1989ISO/IEC 13751:2001A Dictionary of APLCase studiesDocumentation suitesBooksPapersVideosAPL Quote QuadVector journalTerminology (Chinese, German) ∙ Neural networksError trapping with Dyalog APL (in forms)
Sharing code Backwards compatibilityAPLcartAPLTreeAPL-CationDfns workspaceTatinCider
Implementation ResourcesOpen-sourceMagic functionPerformanceAPL hardware
Developers Timeline of corporationsAPL2000DyalogIBMIPSASTSC