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{{Built-in|Format|⍕}} is a [[primitive function]].
{{Built-in|Format|⍕}} is an [[ambivalent]] [[primitive function]] which formats the right [[argument]] into a [[simple]] [[character]] array, optionally following the specification supplied as the left argument. The usage of the left argument varies across implementations.


== Examples ==
== Examples ==


Format in its [[monadic]] form, alongside [[ravel]], allows the user to concatenate numbers with strings:
=== Monadic form ===
<source lang=apl>
 
Format in its [[monadic]] form allows the user to convert [[Array model|arrays]] of any [[type]] into simple character arrays (for example for concatenation with other character arrays). The result usually matches the interpreter's default display, either by <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⎕←</syntaxhighlight> or by REPL.
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl>
       supper ← 10
       supper ← 10
       'I ate ',(⍕supper),' shrimp.'
       'I ate ',(⍕supper),' shrimp.'
I ate 10 shrimp.
I ate 10 shrimp.
</source>
 
It is very powerful when combined with [[execute]], which allows the user to interpret a string as APL code:
      ⎕←DATA←(⍳3) (2 2⍴⍳4) 'TEXT' 100
<source lang=apl>
1 2 3  1 2  TEXT 100
      data ← 7
        3 4
      ⍎'6 × ',⍕data
      ⍕DATA
42
1 2 3  1 2  TEXT 100
</source>
        3 4
      (⍴DATA) (⍴⍕DATA)
4  2 22
</syntaxhighlight>
 
=== Dyadic form ===
 
The [[dyadic]] form of Format varies across implementations.
 
[[Dyalog APL]] and [[NARS2000]] support column width and the number of decimal places for formatting [[numeric]] arrays. The following example formats the 2-by-3 array with 12 spaces per column, rounded to 2 decimal places:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl>
      ⎕←C←2 3⍴ 32.10958 0 ¯101.4914 ¯99.40878 ¯101.872 1001.48173
32.10958    0    ¯101.4914
¯99.40878 ¯101.872 1001.48173
      ⍴C
2 3
 
      12 2⍕C
      32.11        0.00    ¯101.49
      ¯99.41    ¯101.87    1001.48
      ⍴(12 2⍕C)
2 36
</syntaxhighlight>{{Works in|[[Dyalog APL]], [[NARS2000]]}}
 
[[APLX]] supports '''Format by example''', which uses string left argument for a rich set of format specifications:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl>
      '55.55' ⍕22.234 1.398 11.00
22.23 1.4 11
      '55.55 5.555 55.55 55'⍕22.234 1.398 0.00 11.0
22.23 1.398      11
      '555,555,555.55'⍕1234567.89
  1,234,567.89
</syntaxhighlight>{{Works in|[[APLX]]}}
 
== See also ==
* [[Execute]]
 
== External links ==
=== Tutorials ===
* [https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/conversation/lesson-10-apl-functions--#41869169 APL Cultivation]
=== Documentation ===
 
* Dyalog [https://help.dyalog.com/latest/#Language/Primitive%20Functions/Format%20Monadic.htm monadic], [https://help.dyalog.com/latest/#Language/Primitive%20Functions/Format%20Dyadic.htm dyadic]
* [http://wiki.nars2000.org/index.php/Symbol_Format NARS2000]
* APLX [http://microapl.com/apl_help/ch_020_020_680.htm monadic], [http://microapl.com/apl_help/ch_020_020_690.htm by specification], [http://microapl.com/apl_help/ch_020_020_700.htm by example]
* J [https://www.jsoftware.com/help/dictionary/d602.htm Dictionary], [https://code.jsoftware.com/wiki/Vocabulary/quoteco NuVoc]
 
{{APL built-ins}}[[Category:Primitive functions]]
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