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With the prevalence of [[Unicode]], many systems render APL legibly out-of-the-box. However, for a uniform appearance, the font should be designed with APL in mind.<ref>Phil Chastney: ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20161005120746/http://www.chastney.com/~philip/SImPL/APL_fonts_are_different.pdf APL fonts are different]''
With the prevalence of [[Unicode]], many systems render APL legibly out-of-the-box. However, for a uniform appearance, the font should be designed with APL in mind.<ref>Phil Chastney: ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20161005120746/http://www.chastney.com/~philip/SImPL/APL_fonts_are_different.pdf APL fonts are different]''
</ref> This article lists some fonts that are suited for APL.
</ref> This article lists some fonts that are suited for APL, and shows how to use them.
== Monospace ==
== Monospace ==
{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable
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| [https://www.ibm.com/us-en/marketplace/apl2 APL2 Unicode] || [https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=urx-32206 IBM] || Straight from IBM typewriter terminals with oblique letters. ||
| [https://www.ibm.com/us-en/marketplace/apl2 APL2 Unicode] || [https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=urx-32206 IBM] || Straight from IBM typewriter terminals with oblique letters. ||
[[File:APL2 Unicode.png|none]]
[[File:APL2 Unicode.png|none]]
|-
|[https://abrudz.github.io/APL2741/ APL2741 Unicode]||[https://github.com/abrudz/APL2741/raw/main/APL2741%20Unicode.ttf GitHub]||Unicode version of APL2741 with more characters.||
[[File:APL2741.png|none]]
|-
|-
|[http://apl385.com/fonts/index.htm APL385 Unicode]||[http://apl385.com/fonts/apl385.zip Adrian Smith]||Inspired by Comic Sans Serif.||
|[http://apl385.com/fonts/index.htm APL385 Unicode]||[http://apl385.com/fonts/apl385.zip Adrian Smith]||Inspired by Comic Sans Serif.||
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| [https://www.ibm.com/us-en/marketplace/apl2 Courier APL2 Unicode] || [https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=urx-32206 IBM] || The classic Courier typewriter font, extended with APL symbols.||
| [https://www.ibm.com/us-en/marketplace/apl2 Courier APL2 Unicode] || [https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=urx-32206 IBM] || The classic Courier typewriter font, extended with APL symbols.||
[[File:Courier APL2 Unicode.png|none]]
[[File:Courier APL2 Unicode.png|none]]
|-
| [https://github.com/slavfox/Cozette Cozette] || [https://github.com/slavfox/Cozette/releases/download/v.1.20.0/CozetteVector.ttf GitHub] || A bitmap programming font optimized for coziness. (In Dyalog Windows IDE, works best in sizes divisble by 13) || [[File:Cozette.png|none]]
|-
|-
|[https://mlochbaum.github.io/BQN/fonts.html DejaVu BQN Sans Mono]||[https://github.com/mlochbaum/BQN/blob/master/docs/DejaVuBQNSansMono.ttf?raw=true GitHub]||DejaVu Sans Mono with support for [[BQN]].||
|[https://mlochbaum.github.io/BQN/fonts.html DejaVu BQN Sans Mono]||[https://github.com/mlochbaum/BQN/blob/master/docs/DejaVuBQNSansMono.ttf?raw=true GitHub]||DejaVu Sans Mono with support for [[BQN]].||
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|-
|-
| [https://www.kreativekorp.com/software/fonts/fairfaxhd.shtml Fairfax HD] || [https://www.kreativekorp.com/swdownload/fonts/core/fairfaxhd.zip KreativeKorp] || Plotter-like font supporting many characters. || [[File:Fairfax HD.png|none]]
| [https://www.kreativekorp.com/software/fonts/fairfaxhd.shtml Fairfax HD] || [https://www.kreativekorp.com/swdownload/fonts/core/fairfaxhd.zip KreativeKorp] || Plotter-like font supporting many characters. || [[File:Fairfax HD.png|none]]
|-
| [https://github.com/Tortus-exe/FiraCode Fira Code APL] || [https://github.com/Tortus-exe/FiraCode/raw/master/FiraCodeAPL-Regular.otf Github] || A special version of the free monospaced font with programming ligatures which supports APL and BQN glyphs. ||
[[File:Fira_Code_APL_Unbolded.png|none|500px]]
|-
|-
| [https://github.com/rbanffy/3270font IBM 3270] || [https://github.com/rbanffy/3270font/releases/download/v2.2.1/3270_fonts_70de9c7.zip GitHub] || Modern version of a classic [[IBM]] terminal font. || [[File:IBM 3270.png|none|500px]]
| [https://github.com/rbanffy/3270font IBM 3270] || [https://github.com/rbanffy/3270font/releases/download/v2.2.1/3270_fonts_70de9c7.zip GitHub] || Modern version of a classic [[IBM]] terminal font. || [[File:IBM 3270.png|none|500px]]
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|-
|-
| [https://typeof.net/Iosevka/ Iosevka] Recursive Mono Style || [https://github.com/be5invis/Iosevka/releases/download/v10.1.1/ttf-iosevka-fixed-ss17-10.1.1.zip GitHub] || [[File:Iosevka Recursive Mono.png|none]]
| [https://typeof.net/Iosevka/ Iosevka] Recursive Mono Style || [https://github.com/be5invis/Iosevka/releases/download/v10.1.1/ttf-iosevka-fixed-ss17-10.1.1.zip GitHub] || [[File:Iosevka Recursive Mono.png|none]]
|-
| [https://www.jetbrains.com/mono/ JetBrains Mono] || [https://download.jetbrains.com/fonts/JetBrainsMono-2.304.zip JetBrains] || Geometric font optimized for reading vertically. || [[File:JetBrains_Mono.png]]
|-
|-
| [https://codeberg.org/Wezl/fonts poultreMono] || [https://codeberg.org/attachments/042040b4-ca97-4ffe-8401-540d4921e534 Codeberg] || A 5×9 pixel font. || [[File:PoultreMono.png|none]]
| [https://codeberg.org/Wezl/fonts poultreMono] || [https://codeberg.org/attachments/042040b4-ca97-4ffe-8401-540d4921e534 Codeberg] || A 5×9 pixel font. || [[File:PoultreMono.png|none]]
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== Historical anecdote ==
== Historical anecdote ==
Using [[IBM]]'s [[APL\360]] required the use of the [[wikipedia:IBM_2741#APL\360|IBM 2741]] or [[wikipedia:IBM 1050|IBM 1050]] printing terminal with an APL [[wikipedia:type ball|type ball]]. The APL2741 font is based directly on this type ball.
Using [[IBM]]'s [[APL\360]] required the use of the [[wikipedia:IBM_2741#APL\360|IBM 2741]] or [[wikipedia:IBM 1050|IBM 1050]] printing terminal with an APL [[wikipedia:type ball|type ball]]. The APL2741 font is based directly on this type ball.
== Rendering APL on websites ==
For APL code to be rendered well on a website, three conditions must be fulfilled:
# The page has to use a proper encoding
# The APL code has to be formatted with an appropriate APL font
# The APL font has to be made available for those users that do not have it installed
All these things can be achieved by inserting the following into the <syntaxhighlight lang=html inline><head></syntaxhighlight> element of the page.
Replace font name and file name with values corresponding to the desired font:
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<style>
  @font-face {
    font-family: APL;
    src: local("APL385 Unicode"), url(Apl385.ttf)
  }
  pre, code {
    font-family: APL
  }
</style>
</syntaxhighlight>
The <syntaxhighlight lang=shell inline>Apl385.ttf</syntaxhighlight> font file must be placed in the same directory as the HTML file, and all APL code must be wrapped in <syntaxhighlight lang=html inline><pre></syntaxhighlight> or <syntaxhighlight lang=html inline><code></syntaxhighlight> elements.
== Bad rendering ==
The [[wikipedia:Blink browser engine|Blink browser engine]] instructs the [[wikipedia:HarfBuzz|HarfBuzz]] text shaping engine to prefer fidelity in typeface over fidelity in glyph shape. As a consequence, text using a font that lacks the <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>≢</syntaxhighlight> glyph ([[Tally]], [[Not Match]]) often ends up looking like <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>≡/</syntaxhighlight> (Match reduction), causing great confusion. The issue affects diverse things like Android WebView, Chromium Embedded Framework, all [[wikipedia:Electron (softwareframework)|Electron]] apps, [[wikipedia:Qt software)|Qt software]]), as well as many popular web browsers, like Amazon Silk, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, Vivaldi, and the Yandex Browser.
In browsers, it is possible to mitigate the problem by overriding the used font, either by configuring the browser to override all font specifications, or via a user style manager like [[wikipedia:Stylus (browser extension)|Stylus]] or [[wikipedia:Stylish|Stylish]], which gives more fine-grained control.
Here are examples of appropriate user style rules for some common websites:
{|class=wikitable
! Domain !! Rule
|-
| chat.stackexchange.com || <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>div.message pre,div.message code{font-family:"APL385 Unicode"}</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| stackexchange.com || <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>.s-prose code,.comment-copy code{font-family:"APL385 Unicode"}</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| discord.com || <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>code{font-family:"APL385 Unicode"!important}</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| github.com || <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>textarea,.cm-line,.blob-code-inner{font-family:"APL385 Unicode"}</syntaxhighlight>
|}


== Changing font in Dyalog RIDE ==
== Changing font in Dyalog RIDE ==
[[Dyalog Ltd]]'s cross-platform RIDE interface, which is the default GUI interface on all non-Windows platforms, does not expose a font setting. However, it is trivial to change font:
[[Dyalog Ltd]]'s cross-platform RIDE interface, which is the default GUI interface on all non-Windows platforms, did not expose a font setting until version 4.5. However, it is trivial to change font:
<ol><li>Open…<ul>
* Open ride-base.css[[#loc|*]]
<li>on Windows: %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Dyalog\Ride-4.4\resources\app\style\ride-base.css
* Find the line that says <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>src: url('./fonts/Apl385.woff') format('woff'), url('./fonts/Apl385.ttf') format('truetype');</syntaxhighlight>
<li>on Linux: /opt/ride-4.4/resources/app/style/ride-base.css
* Insert <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>local('font name'),</syntaxhighlight> immediately after <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>src:</syntaxhighlight>, for example <syntaxhighlight lang=css inline>src: local('SAX2'), url('./fonts/Apl385.woff') format('woff'), url('./fonts/Apl385.ttf') format('truetype');</syntaxhighlight>
</ul></li>
* Restart RIDE
<li>Find the line that says <source lang=css inline>src: url('./fonts/Apl385.woff') format('woff'), url('./fonts/Apl385.ttf') format('truetype');</source></li>
 
<li>Insert <source lang=css inline>local('font name'),</source> immediately after <source lang=css inline>src:</source>, for example <source lang=css inline>src: local('SAX2'), url('./fonts/Apl385.woff') format('woff'), url('./fonts/Apl385.ttf') format('truetype');</source></li>
<span id=loc>[[#Changing font in Dyalog RIDE|*]]</span> The full path to ride-base.css varies (examples for RIDE 4.4 and Dyalog 18.2):
<li>Restart RIDE</li>
:* Stand-alone installation:
</ol>
:** Windows: %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Dyalog\Ride-4.4\resources\app\style\ride-base.css
:** Linux: /opt/ride-4.4/resources/app/style/ride-base.css
:** macOS: /Applications/Ride-4.4.app/resources/app/style/ride-base.css
:* Zero-footprint RIDE (served by the interpreter and normally accessed through a browser):
:** Linux or AIX: /opt/mdyalog/18.2/64/unicode/Contents/Resources/Dyalog/RIDEapp/resources/app/style/ride-base.css
:** macOS: /Applications/Dyalog-18.2.app/Contents/Resources/Dyalog/RIDEapp/resources/app/style/ride-base.css
 
==Designing a font==
Making a good APL font is no small task. Since many [[glyph]]s share sub-glyphs due to the history of [[overstrike|overstriking]], multiple dimensions of commonality need to be aligned. The following table can help:
{|class=wikitable
!Class !! Glyphs
|-
| alphas || <code>⍺⍶@</code>
|-
| arrows-down || <code>↓⍗⍖</code>
|-
| arrows-left || <code>←⍇⍅</code>
|-
| arrows-right || <code>→⍈⍆</code>
|-
| arrows-up || <code>↑⍐⍏</code>
|-
| asterisks || <code>*⍣⍟⋆</code>
|-
| brackets || <code>[]⌈⌊⌷</code>
|-
| circles || <code>○⍥⍟⌽⍉⊖⍜⊙⌾∅</code>
|-
| colons || <code>:⍠÷⌹</code>
|-
| commas || <code>,⍪;⍮</code>
|-
| dashes || <code>-+÷⌹⌿⍀⍪⍏⍖⊢⊣</code>
|-
| dels || <code>∇⍒⍫⍢</code>
|-
| deltas || <code>∆⍙⍋⍍</code>
|-
| diamonds || <code>⋄⌺⍚</code>
|-
| diereses || <code>¨⍨⍥⍤⍣⍢⍡⍩∵</code>
|-
| dots || <code>.:;?!⍰∵‼</code>
|-
| epsilons || <code>∊⍷</code>
|-
| equals || <code>=≠⌸⍯</code>
|-
| iotas || <code>⍳⍸</code>
|-
| jots || <code>∘⍤⍛⍝⍎⍕¤⌾⟃⟄</code>
|-
| letters || <code>⍺⍶∆⍙∂∊⍷⍳⍸λπ⍴ϼχ⍵⍹∫</code>
|-
| omegas || <code>⍵⍹</code>
|-
| quads || <code>⎕⌸⌹⌺⌻⌼⍁⍂⍃⍄⍇⍈⍌⍍⍐⍓⍯⍰</code>
|-
| quotes || <code>'!⍘⍞"‼</code>
|-
| shoes-down || <code>∪⍦</code>
|-
| shoes-left || <code>⊂⊆⍧⟃</code>
|-
| shoes-right || <code>⊃⊇⟄</code>
|-
| shoes-up || <code>∩⋔</code>
|-
| slashes || <code>/⌿⍁%⫽</code>
|-
| slashes-back || <code>\⍀⍉⍂⑊</code>
|-
| stiles || <code><nowiki>|</nowiki>⌽⍒⍋∥⍭⍦⍧$</code>
|-
| tacks-down || <code>⌶⊤⍕⍑⍡</code>
|-
| tacks-up || <code>⌶⊥⍎⍊</code>
|-
| tildes || <code>~⍬⍭⍱⍲</code>
|-
| underscores || <code>_⍙⍷⍛⍸⊆⊇⍊⍜⍶⍹⍮⍚⍘ⒶⒷⒸⒹⒺⒻⒼⒽⒾⒿⓀⓁⓂⓃⓄⓅⓆⓇⓈⓉⓊⓋⓌⓍⓎⓏ</code>*
|-
| wedges-down || <code>∨⍱⍌</code>
|-
| wedges-left || <code><≤⍃ᑈ«</code>
|-
| wedges-right || <code>>≥⍄⍩ᐵ»</code>
|-
| wedges-up || <code>∧⍲⍓</code>
|-
| miscellaneous || <code>➥∞√˝⇐</code>
|}
:<nowiki>*</nowiki> [[Dyalog APL]] maps the traditional APL underscored alphabet to [[Unicode]]'s circled uppercase letters.


== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
{{APL development}}[[Category:APL character set]][[Category:Lists]]
{{APL development}}[[Category:APL character set]][[Category:Lists]]
Retrieved from ‘https://aplwiki.com/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/8393...11358’

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