Assignment: Difference between revisions

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{{Built-in|Assignment|←}} allows associating a name with an [[array]] value. Some dialects also allow assignment of function and operator values using the assignment arrow. In [[defined functions]], assignment is global by default, but can be made local through explicit mention of the target name in the function header, or through dynamic [[shadow]]ing using <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⎕SHADOW</source>. In [[dfn]]s, assignments are local by default, but can be made global by explicit mention of the target namespace. Modified/indexed/selective assignment updates the most local definition.
{{Built-in|Assignment|←}} allows associating a name with an [[array]] value. Some dialects also allow assignment of function and operator values using the assignment arrow. In [[defined functions]], assignment is global by default, but can be made local through explicit mention of the target name in the function header, or through dynamic [[shadow]]ing using <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>⎕SHADOW</syntaxhighlight>. In [[dfn]]s, assignments are local by default, but can be made global by explicit mention of the target namespace. Modified/indexed/selective assignment updates the most local definition.
==Examples==
==Examples==
===Basic usage===
===Basic usage===
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│1 2 3│1 2 3│
│1 2 3│1 2 3│
└─────┴─────┘
└─────┴─────┘
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
===Indexed assignment===
===Indexed assignment===
Individual elements can be updated using index assignment:
Individual elements can be updated using index assignment:
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│1│1 2 3│
│1│1 2 3│
└─┴─────┘
└─┴─────┘
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
A semicolon is necessary when dealing with a [[matrix]]:
A semicolon is necessary when dealing with a [[matrix]]:
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl>
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl>
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0 0 5
0 0 5
6 7 8
6 7 8
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
For higher-[[rank]] arrays, the number of semicolons needed is one less than the array rank.
For higher-[[rank]] arrays, the number of semicolons needed is one less than the array rank.
===Modified assignment===
===Modified assignment===
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       var
       var
43
43
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>var+←1</source> is essentially equivalent to <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>1⊣var←var+1</source> except that the result is [[shy]].
<syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>var+←1</syntaxhighlight> is essentially equivalent to <syntaxhighlight lang=apl inline>1⊣var←var+1</syntaxhighlight> except that the result is [[shy]].
===Modified indexed assignment===
===Modified indexed assignment===
Modified assignment can also be combined with indexed assignment:
Modified assignment can also be combined with indexed assignment:
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0 x 0
0 x 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
== External Links ==
== External Links ==



Revision as of 22:12, 10 September 2022

Assignment () allows associating a name with an array value. Some dialects also allow assignment of function and operator values using the assignment arrow. In defined functions, assignment is global by default, but can be made local through explicit mention of the target name in the function header, or through dynamic shadowing using ⎕SHADOW. In dfns, assignments are local by default, but can be made global by explicit mention of the target namespace. Modified/indexed/selective assignment updates the most local definition.

Examples

Basic usage

Common examples (boxing on, and index origin is 0):

      ⎕←mat←(1 2 3)(1 2 3)
┌─────┬─────┐
│1 2 3│1 2 3│
└─────┴─────┘

Indexed assignment

Individual elements can be updated using index assignment:

      mat[0]←1
      mat
┌─┬─────┐
│1│1 2 3│
└─┴─────┘

A semicolon is necessary when dealing with a matrix:

      mat←3 3⍴⍳9
      mat
0 1 2
3 4 5
6 7 8
      mat[0 1;]
0 1 2
3 4 5
      mat[0 1;0 1]←0
      mat
0 0 2
0 0 5
6 7 8

For higher-rank arrays, the number of semicolons needed is one less than the array rank.

Modified assignment

Some dialects allow placing a function the the immediate left of the assignment arrow:

      var←42
      var+←1
      var
43

var+←1 is essentially equivalent to 1⊣var←var+1 except that the result is shy.

Modified indexed assignment

Modified assignment can also be combined with indexed assignment:

      mat←3 3⍴0
      mat
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
      mat[0 1;1]+←1
      mat
0 1 0
0 1 0
0 0 0
      mat[1;1],←'x'
      mat
0 1 0
0 x 0
0 0 0

External Links

Documentation

APL built-ins [edit]
Primitives (Timeline) Functions
Scalar
Monadic ConjugateNegateSignumReciprocalMagnitudeExponentialNatural LogarithmFloorCeilingFactorialNotPi TimesRollTypeImaginarySquare Root
Dyadic AddSubtractTimesDivideResiduePowerLogarithmMinimumMaximumBinomialComparison functionsBoolean functions (And, Or, Nand, Nor) ∙ GCDLCMCircularComplexRoot
Non-Scalar
Structural ShapeReshapeTallyDepthRavelEnlistTableCatenateReverseRotateTransposeRazeMixSplitEncloseNestCut (K)PairLinkPartitioned EnclosePartition
Selection FirstPickTakeDropUniqueIdentityStopSelectReplicateExpandSet functions (IntersectionUnionWithout) ∙ Bracket indexingIndexCartesian ProductSort
Selector Index generatorGradeIndex OfInterval IndexIndicesDealPrefix and suffix vectors
Computational MatchNot MatchMembershipFindNub SieveEncodeDecodeMatrix InverseMatrix DivideFormatExecuteMaterialiseRange
Operators Monadic EachCommuteConstantReplicateExpandReduceWindowed ReduceScanOuter ProductKeyI-BeamSpawnFunction axis
Dyadic BindCompositions (Compose, Reverse Compose, Beside, Withe, Atop, Over) ∙ Inner ProductDeterminantPowerAtUnderRankDepthVariantStencilCutDirect definition (operator)
Quad names Index originComparison toleranceMigration levelAtomic vector