APL\360
APL\360 was the first implementation of APL using recognizable APL symbols. It ran on the IBM System/360, and was completed in November 1966 though at that time remained in use only within IBM. In 1973 its implementers, Larry Breed, Dick Lathwell and Roger Moore, were awarded the Grace Murray Hopper Award from the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). It was given "for their work in the design and implementation of APL\360, setting new standards in simplicity, efficiency, reliability and response time for interactive systems."
In 1975, the IBM 5100 microcomputer offered APL\360 as one of two built-in ROM-based interpreted languages for the computer, complete with a keyboard and display that supported all the special symbols used in the language.
Significant developments to APL\360 included CMS/APL, which made use of the virtual storage capabilities of CMS and APLSV, which introduced shared variables, system variables and system functions. It was subsequently ported to the IBM System/370 and VSPC platforms until its final release in 1983, after which it was replaced by APL2.
Primitives
Functions
| Glyph | Monadic | Dyadic |
|---|---|---|
+ |
Conjugate | Plus |
- |
Negative | Minus |
× |
Signum | Times |
÷ |
Reciprocal | Divide |
| |
Magnitude | Residue |
⌊ |
Floor | Minimum |
⌈ |
Ceiling | Maximum |
? |
Roll | Deal |
* |
Exponential | Power |
⍟ |
Natural logarithm | General logarithm |
○ |
Pi times | Circular, hyperbolic, and pythagorean functions |
! |
Factorial | Binomial |
~ |
Not | Without |
∧ |
And | |
∨ |
Or | |
⍲ |
Nand | |
⍱ |
Nor | |
< |
Less | |
≤ |
Not greater | |
= |
Equal | |
≥ |
Not less | |
> |
Greater | |
≠ |
Not equal | |
⍴ |
Shape of | Reshape |
, |
Ravel | Catenate, Laminate |
⍪ |
1st axis catenate | |
⌽ |
Reverse (allows axis) |
Rotate (allows axis) |
⊖
| ||
⍉ |
Transpose | |
↑ |
Take | |
↓ |
Drop | |
/ |
Compress (allows axis) | |
⌿ |
||
\ |
Expand (allows axis) | |
⍀ |
||
[] |
Indexing | |
⍳ |
Index generator | Index of |
∊ |
Membership | |
⍋ |
Grade up | |
⍒ |
Grade down | |
⌹ |
Matrix inverse | Matrix division |
⊥ |
Decode | |
⊤ |
Encode | |
⍎ |
Execute | |
⍕ |
Monadic format | Dyadic format |
Operators
| Glyph | Valence | Monadic call | Dyadic call |
|---|---|---|---|
/ |
Monadic | Reduction (allows axis) |
|
⌿ |
Monadic | ||
\ |
Monadic | Scan (allows axis) |
|
⍀ |
Monadic | ||
. |
Dyadic | Inner product | |
∘. |
Monadic | Outer product | |
[] |
Monadic | Axis | |