APL syntax
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APL's core syntactic principles are:
- Arrays as first class citizens
- Functions take arrays as argument(s) and produce arrays as result
- Functions have long right scope
- Operators take functions and/or arrays as operand(s) and produce derived functions
- Operators have long left scope
Example array definitions
simplenumvec←1 2 3 4 ⍝ A simple numeric vector
simplecharvec←'ABCD' ⍝ A simple character vector
Example function definition
∇ r←l Tradfn r
[1] ⍝ An infix (dyadic) tradfn
[2] r←l r
∇
Example operator definition
∇ r←larg(Main OVER PreProc)rarg
[1] r←(PreProc larg)Main(PreProc rarg)
∇
Example function application
÷3 ⍝ Prefix primitive function
0.3333333333
1+2 ⍝ Infix primitive function
3
+/1 2 3 4 ⍝ Prefix primitive derived function
10
2+/1 2 3 4 ⍝ Infix primitive derived function
3 5 7
Scoping rules
Functions
Operators
| APL dialects [edit] | |
|---|---|
| Maintained | APL+Win ∙ APL2 ∙ APL64 ∙ APL\iv ∙ Aplette ∙ April ∙ Co-dfns ∙ Dyalog APL ∙ Dyalog APL Vision ∙ dzaima/APL ∙ GNU APL ∙ Kap ∙ NARS2000 ∙ Pometo ∙ TinyAPL |
| Historical | A Programming Language ∙ A+ (A) ∙ APL# ∙ APL2C ∙ APL\360 ∙ APL/700 ∙ APL\1130 ∙ APL\3000 ∙ APL.68000 ∙ APL*PLUS ∙ APL.jl ∙ APL.SV ∙ APLX ∙ Extended Dyalog APL ∙ Iverson notation ∙ IVSYS/7090 ∙ NARS ∙ ngn/apl ∙ openAPL ∙ Operators and Functions ∙ PAT ∙ Rowan ∙ SAX ∙ SHARP APL ∙ Rationalized APL ∙ VisualAPL (APLNext) ∙ VS APL ∙ York APL |
| Derivatives | AHPL ∙ BQN ∙ CoSy ∙ ELI ∙ Glee ∙ I ∙ Ivy ∙ J ∙ Jelly ∙ K (Goal, Klong, Q) ∙ KamilaLisp ∙ Lang5 ∙ Lil ∙ Nial ∙ RAD ∙ Uiua |
| Overviews | Comparison of APL dialects ∙ Timeline of array languages ∙ Timeline of influential array languages ∙ Family tree of array languages |